Science History

The Oxford Calculators

The Oxford Calculators

I have often found reference to medieval and early modern folks most helpful in debugging things that have bugged me since I did science when I was a student in the Sixties (for me they did not swing…
Reconsidering the Wheel

Reconsidering the Wheel

We've all heard how the wheel is one of man's greatest inventions, and there are many theories or ideas regarding how it was achieved.  Certainly it seems rather plausible that rolling logs…
How Darwin Was Misinterpreted

How Darwin Was Misinterpreted

The Struggle for Existence was the title Charles Darwin gave to Chapter Three of On The Origin of Species, and he went to some trouble to explain exactly what he meant by this struggle. Throughout…
The Voynich Manuscript : Not So Mysterious ?

The Voynich Manuscript : Not So Mysterious ?

The Voynich Manuscript part 4 : Not So Mysterious ? The Voynich manuscript was written in an as yet unreadable script.  It is named after Wilfrid Voynich, who acquired it as a dealer in 1912…
The Stagnation of Cooperation Theory

The Stagnation of Cooperation Theory

In 1981 Robert Axelrod and Bill Hamilton published a paper titled The Evolution of Cooperation in which they analyzed game theory as a means of explaining the emergence of cooperative behaviour. In…