Let us understand in simple way. If you grow plants in dark they elongate . This elongation is due to non destruction of growth regulators produced at the leaf tips of the plants in dark. The light destroys the growth regulators or reduces their concentrations. Its high concentration of growth regulators at the apex which prevents its growth and apex sends the growth regulators downwards so that the branches are promoted.
Its the behvior of apex like a caring parent which makes their children grow like branches of a tree. Man learns from nature if you share more you grow more.
See below a plant of Cryptomeria japonica with some apical dominance.
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