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Earth’s Water Did Not Come From Melted Meteorites

Earth’s Water Did Not Come From Melted Meteorites

Water is over 70 percent of the surface of the earth but how that came to be, through what mix of random chance and extraterrestrial involvement, has been a debate. Earth is a relatively small planet and relatively near its star so creating large surface oceans is difficult.A new study analyzed melted meteorites that had been floating around in space since the solar system’s formation four and a half billion years ago and found they had extremely low water content, among the driest extraterrestrial materials ever measured. This led them to conclude that water was likely delivered to Earth via unmelted, or chondritic, meteorites. 

Abnormal Amygdala Neural Networks In Dogs With Anxiety

Abnormal Amygdala Neural Networks In Dogs With Anxiety

A new study reports abnormalities in functional neural networks of dogs diagnosed with anxiety. Compared with healthy dogs, those with anxiety exhibit stronger connections between the amygdala and other regions of the anxiety network.

New Potential Treatment For Benzodiazepine-Resistant Epilepsy

New Potential Treatment For Benzodiazepine-Resistant Epilepsy

A new small molecule may help people with benzodiazepine-resistant epilepsy. Epilepsy affects an estimated 3.4 million people in the U.S. and millions more worldwide and drugs work for most, but for the rest, Uncontrolled epilepsy and resulting frequent and prolonged seizures lasting five minutes or more that can cause brain cell damage and even death.Epilepsy occurs when the intricate, delicate balance of signaling by neurons in the brain malfunctions, causing neurons to fire too much and trigger seizures. Benzodiazepines slow down the messages traveling between neurons. Yet up to 30 percent develop drug-resistance after a period of time.

DAN5/P1: Homo Erectus Early Cranial Capacity Was More Like Australopiths Such As 'Lucy'

DAN5/P1: Homo Erectus Early Cranial Capacity Was More Like Australopiths Such As 'Lucy'

An analysis of the 1.5 million-year-old cranium DAN5/P1, found at the Gona site in Ethiopia, has cranial cranial morphology which indicates that it belongs to the species Homo erectus but near the earliest African stage, where it is sometimes identified using the name H. ergaster.The fossil is very small for these hominin groups and suggest that its cerebral morphology does not present any traits distinctive to the human genus: its proportions are similar to those of australopiths or species whose evolutionary position, and whether they are from our own lineage, remains to be determined, as is the case with H. habilis.

DART Made A Big Difference In Ability To Accurately Calculate Asteroid Deflections

DART Made A Big Difference In Ability To Accurately Calculate Asteroid Deflections

DART, NASA’s successful double asteroid redirection test in September 2022, had an impact greater than engineers expected - and that means the ability to more accurately move asteroids on a collision course will be greater in the future.An analysis of the results found the momentum was significantly enhanced by the recoil created from streams of particles produced by the impact.

Your Electric Car Battery Isn't Green

Your Electric Car Battery Isn't Green

If you believe your electric car is not using the 80 percent of electricity generated by conventional fuels, you may also believe the high cost is worth it to save the environment. But there is no running from the environmental problems created by the cars themselves. There can be no sustainable value chain when we haven't had new batteries in 30 years. Unfortunately, as long as mandates and subsidies are in effect, there is no incentive to create better technology, which means the only hope is to reuse old, inefficient batteries in order to mitigate the high social and environmental toll electric cars extract now.

Digital Content May Be Shaping Visual Perception Itself

Digital Content May Be Shaping Visual Perception Itself

To adult audiences in 1977, "Star Wars" was the most realistic special effects they had ever witnessed while to younger people of today, the defects are obvious. Some of that is due to better technology, a cheap TV has better clarity and resolution that an IMAX screen a generation ago, but some of it is that they are trained to see better.

Antioxidants: Imidazole Dipeptides Found In Beef, Pork And Chicken

Antioxidants: Imidazole Dipeptides Found In Beef, Pork And Chicken

Imidazole dipeptides have been been linked to beneficial effects such as relieving fatigue and, with far less credibility, preventing dementia, and a new study has found that 2-oxo-imidazole-containing dipeptides (2-oxo-IDPs), which have one more oxygen atom than normal imidazole dipeptides, are the most common variety of imidazole dipeptides derivatives in the body.

AI Language Models Like ChatGPT May Paraphrase Without Citing The Source

AI Language Models Like ChatGPT May Paraphrase Without Citing The Source

With ChatGPT a huge fad, students may be excited that their next paper will be easy, because if it is truly AI it will start from the unique seed you give it. Yet it does not work that way. Language models that generate text in response to user prompts use a lot of the same training materials, which means they can plagiarize content in multiple ways.

Flu Vaccination Rates Haven't Gone Up Due To The COVID-19 Pandemic

Flu Vaccination Rates Haven't Gone Up Due To The COVID-19 Pandemic

COVID-19 has done little to boost vaccination rates against other viruses, according to a new analysis.In a recent survey, just over 50 percent said they had received a flu vaccine, unchanged in a representative national panel from the comparable period last year and within the usual range of years prior to the pandemic. Before people thought COVID-19 was just a bad cold (coronavirus is in the same family and was only declared distinct in the 1960s) they thought the flu was a bad cold. Or believed they were more likely to get the flu if they had a vaccine.

Humans Sleep Longer In The Winter

Humans Sleep Longer In The Winter

We have a body clock that changes with exposure to sun and a new study finds that while humans don't hibernate, we do sleep longer in the winter.